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Searching for the Remains of Fallen Soldiers

A veteran Vietnamese soldier searches for remains of fallen soldiers at battlefield.

By Chloe Nguyen

Almost 50 years after fighting in the Vietnam War, 76-year-old Hồ Ngọc Nhuần still has a bullet lodged in his head. He is also committed to a never-ending search for remains of those who lost their lives in the war.

Haunted by survivor’s guilt, Hồ spends most of his money on visiting battlefields where he looks for bodies of fallen soldiers.

“It is a long and tough journey that spans over decades,” the veteran soldier says.

He meets up with other veteran soldiers on every war memorial day such as Remembrance Day and War Veterans Day to plan for more search trips.

“We are still looking for nine bodies at one of the battlefields in Long Hưng intersection, which is in Quảng Trị province, which is 157 kilometers from Đà Nẵng city. But we have not found them yet,” he says, adding that the terrain has changed over 50 years with dense plantations.

“I can identify the remains by examining their belongings, such as aluminum water bottles, wallets and belts,” he says.

Hồ gathers with fellow comrades on July 27th, which is the Vietnam War Veterans Day to commemorate those who sacrificed their lives in the war.

The journey started in 2015 when a family member of a missing soldier asked for his help.

So far, he and two fellows have altogether recovered six bodies and have them all buried in a cemetery.

Reading newspapers every day and knowing that wars have erupted in different parts of the world, he recalls what he had been through.

He first joined the army in 1970 and was injured for the first time in 1972 during the Vietnam War.

“I was attacked while fighting and captured alive by the South Vietnamese Army, which belonged to America’s side. I wiped blood on my face to play dead,” Hồ recalls, adding that he successfully cheated the enemy and was brought back to a camp by other soldiers for treatment.

Hồ recalled failing an operation on September 16, 1972. “I can never forget those 81 days and nights under firebombing,” he says.

“Soldiers and weapons were transported across the Thạch Hãn river into the battlefield. But under the dense firepower of American forces, over 1,000 soldiers were killed in this river,” he recalls.

Since then, the Thạch Hãn river has been referred to by local people as the Blood River.

In 1975, he rejoined the Liberation of  Sài Gòn – Gia Định campaign.

Hồ’s house is full of war certificates and pictures he took with his fellow comrades.

“My mission was to build fake artillery positions, dummy soldiers and act as decoys to reveal my own traces and divert attention of the American soldiers. I had to stand 200 meters away from the cannon. I was exposed to mines and firearms. I had a gunshot wound in my head,” he recalls.

He was hit by a bullet in his head whilst the war ended at the same time. For 15 years, he had to endure many medical operations in various hospitals. He could only return home in 2007.

“There is still a bullet in my head. I have a seizure once in a while. About 81 per cent of my physical abilities were hindered, when I was injured. I could not take a shower when I was in hospital. I also got asthma due to exposure to the Agent Orange herbicide, which was the highly toxic dioxin,” the veteran says.

When returning home, he had to sell peanuts and beans at the market to make a living.

It was not until 1995 that the Vietnamese government started to offer compensation to veteran soldiers.

Certificate of Hồ fighting in the Liberation of  Sài Gòn – Gia Định campaign in 1975.

Hồ is now classified as a Class 1 disability veteran, which is the highest grade of injury. He receives an allowance of 14 million Vietnamese dong (HK$4,389) every month.

He is also suffering from body aches, inflamed wounds and mental health problems such as being delusional about the war and constantly feels like somebody is shooting at him.

“That is the life of a soldier… still alive but always thinking about the past and people who they have fought with. It is an enduring pain,” the veteran says.

According to the Department of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs, around 300,000 bodies from the warfare have not been identified.

Sub-edited by Iris Jiang

Loved-Ones Hunter

TV host Li Qiyue runs a missing person unit to help families reunite.

By Cathleena Zhu

After being the host of a TV programme that helps reunite families for six years, Li Qiyue has learnt to be a better mother.

“I often think about my relationship with my three-year-old son after learning stories of so many families. I realise that it is important to spend quality time with my child and respect him as an individual while nurturing him,” the TV host of Waiting for Me says.

Li says she always tries hard to strike a balance between time spent with her son and her career.

“I often have to travel to different cities for my work. I apply for leave for my son from his school and take him to work with me,” the 37-year-old mother says.

Her son loves to draw landscapes he sees after doing a trip with his mother.

“I sign him up for an art class and buy him a yoga mat, as he loves drawing and doing yoga. The TV programme has taught me to be a better mother,” Li says.

“My husband and I want our son to see the world out there. I think children who have been exposed to a broader perspective will have better mental health,” she adds.

Li Qiyue is sharing her searching experience of the boy with family problems. (Photo courtesy of Li Qiyue)

Li recalls her first search operation was to look for a 24-year-old man who had gone missing for nine years in Henan Province in February 2018. 

“The young man tried to lift a huge flower pot and threw it at us. We had to suspend filming. I must try to understand his feelings. Children who have been separated from their families are insecure. They all have a lock in their hearts. I must try to find the key to open it,” Li says.

Li tried to approach the young man as a friend by chatting with him about his diet and hobbies. It took her three days to persuade him to share his stories with her.

“I felt a great sense of achievement from my job when he first talked to me,” she recalls.

The TV programme Li produced was first aired on China Central Television (CCTV) in 2014. The show has so far helped more than 20,000 families.

The programme which conducts searches to locate children who are abducted or have run away from home is funded by grants from the Yuanmeng Foundation and the Chinese government.

Li’s family also has experienced the same ordeal. 

Her aunt was abducted while playing in a yard outside her home in 1964. She was five. 

Her family has been in a constant state of anxiety ever since, as her aunt is still missing.

There were no mobile phones in Li’s home and no surveillance cameras on the country roads in the 1960s. It took her family three days to go to a police station to report the case in downtown Harbin.

Li’s family printed out thousands of photos of her aunt and posted them all over the village. But all efforts were in vain. 

Her grandparents often suffer from insomnia after losing their child. Li’s grandaunt has become moderately anorexic. She has forgotten almost everything, but finding her daughter is all she cares about.

“After I was born, for as long as I can remember, I often heard my family talking about my aunt. Her story was something I grew up with. My parents taught me how to protect myself and not to trust strangers so easily when I was a child,” Li says.

Li Qiyue comforts the 90-year-old man who loses his family. (Photo courtesy of “Waiting for Me” official website)

The media major graduate of the Communication University of China hopes to find her aunt with what she has learned at school.

After graduation, Li joined CCTV. Her aunt’s abduction was her biggest motivation to host Waiting for Me.

“I understand the sadness of these families who have suffered from separation from their loved ones. That is why I accepted the role of host when the producer offered me the job in 2018,” Li says.

Since joining the team, she has reported stories of nearly 500 families whom she has helped reunite.

Despite the successes, more than 200 family searches conducted by Li’s team failed to locate the missing ones.

“I always remind these families that the search is not finished yet. I also remind myself that this is not the end of it. I am confident that I can find my aunt in the future. I will not give up,” the host says.

Sub-edited by Cynthia Chan

Birthday Party as Blessing

Reporters: Alexia Leung Wai Sam, Alexa Lau Yi Hang, Hanne Chan, Steven Myo Min Htin, Suan Yeon

Editors: Nicole Li

NGO holds birthday parties for underprivileged children 

Cheap deals in Shenzhen

Reporters: Suzana Shin Ru Li, Bliss Zhu Fu, Zora Yan Zhuo, Celina Lu Yu Jie, Emma Wei Jia Yu, Cathleena Zhu Li Yang

Editors: Kamun Lai Jia Wen, Gene Nutcha Hunsanimitkul, Cynthia Hu Xin Yu, Sean Pan Wei Xuan

People in Hong Kong choose to spend money in Shenzhen rather than stay in Hong Kong.

Domestic Workers Release Stress through Art

Reporters: Chloe Nguyen, Winnie Li, Pauline Yau, Lunaretta Linaura

Migrant workers in Hong Kong eases pressure from work with drawings and photography.

Keeping Ukrainian culture alive

Reporters: Charley Ho Cheuk Ying, Roy Ng Po Shing, Erica Hwang Seowoo, Daniel Paek Kieon

Editor: Lorraine Chiang Lok Wing

Ukrainian artists run workshops and concerts to keep their culture alive, as cultural hearitage sites are under attack.

Home Sweet Home – Editor’s Note

Troubled by personal issues, mental illness and economic difficulties, street sleepers are struggling to find shelters in parks, tunnels and bridges. In the periscope section, Varsity reporters zoom into the lives of homeless people to find out what difficulties they are facing when living on the streets.

Some homeless manage to restructure their life and are preparing for the Homeless World Cup 2024 in September. Led by a female team manager, the team of male footballers are doing weekly training for the big game.

Starting from campus stories, some students in China start doing nail business in their dormitory. A group of Hong Kong students are working hard to promote tchoukball in the city. Some university students from China have formed a platform to help other students arrange dating partners.

In Hong Kong, Varsity reporters explore how independent bookstores survive in Hong Kong, and how volunteers in the city gather leftover bread from bakeries and redistribute them to the needy. Reporters also speak to elderly ballet dancers, and virtual YouTubers in Hong Kong.

In China, musicals featuring women’s stories are gaining popularity, and a television program is helping families to find their lost loved ones.

In the context of war worldwide, Varsity reporters interview Ukrainian artists and Vietnam veterans who use different media to convey messages of peace. Burmese students leave their home country to avoid mandatory conscription order. 

No man is an island. As conflicts arise around the world, we witness the ripple effects in our own surroundings. In this issue of Varsity, we hope to take you on a journey, starting from where we are, to observe the ongoing changes happening around us.

Enjoy your read!

Kamun Lai

Managing Editor

Introducing Tchoukball

Hong Kong university students play tchoukball and hope for more support to develop the sport.

By Daniel Koong

Out of his passion for the sport, Adrian Ip Tsun-hei set up the first tchoukball team for the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) to promote this niche sport in Hong Kong. 

“I started playing tchoukball while studying in secondary school. I used to play football like everyone else but then I suffered from a serious leg injury. Then I  considered if I should continue playing sports that might cause injuries and stop me from improving my athletic ability,” the Sports Science and Physical Education major says.

“I am lucky to have the opportunity to play this sport. It gives me a sense of excitement, and it doesn’t require physical contact as other sports like rugby,” Ip adds.

Adrian Ip Tsun-hei suffered an injury while playing football, leading to irregular bone growth in his knee, which pushed him to pursue a non-contact sport instead.

Tchoukball is a sport invented by the Swiss biologist Hermann Brandt in the 1960s. After seeing many athletes suffer from serious injuries in competitive sports, he believed modern sports should have educational value and contribute to building a well-developed human society. 

Brandt created this non-contact sport, inspired by handball, volleyball and squash. It could be played outdoors, indoors and also on the beach. 

The size of tchoukball is similar to handball but more grippy and sweat-resistant so players do not need to play with resins on their hands. 

The court is the same size as a basketball court but with two tchoukball frames and two three-metre D’s drawn up at each baseline. Only kneepads are needed. 

Each team consists of three to seven players and takes turns to attack. They aim to throw the ball to the rebounder and make it bounce outside of a certain area without letting the defenders catch it. The name tchoukball comes from the sound when the ball rebounds off the frame.

“I am a Year One student and found no tchoukball team at CUHK. So I decided to be the first one to set it up. I have passion, and I want to contribute more to the sport,” the 20-year-old player says.

“But the process has not been easy. I had to start everything from scratch. It took me around half a year and I had to overcome many obstacles,” he points out. 

Adrian Ip Tsun-hei believes tchoukball being unpopular in Hong Kong made it harder for him to get support to set up the team.

“About 30 members are required to start a team and it takes me a lot of time to gather the people. This sport is not well-known, and I want to find people who are genuinely passionate about it,” Ip adds. 

Ip secured support from the Physical Education Unit Department in setting up a tchoukball team, providing some resources they needed. 

“But we still need to book and set up the field every time by ourselves. As we are using a basketball court, we need to arrive half an hour earlier to set it up,” the CUHK tchoukball team captain says.

Timon Chong Yui-chung is a player from the EdUHK tchoukball team, a team which Ip wants his team to play against. 

“I will not see the establishment of CUHK tchoukball as a threat. Instead, I am glad to see that tchoukball is developing in universities and even in Hong Kong,” the EdUHK tchoukball team player says.

“We also call it ‘gentleman ball’ in Chinese. Any physical contact is considered a foul. Penalties will be given for any act of roughing, tackling or tripping,” he adds. 

“But the sport is not boring. Unlike other non-contact sports like badminton or tennis, players share a court with the opponent team. We need to shoot within three passes and the possession can switch instantly,” Chong says.

Timon Chong Yui-chung attends three-hour training sessions twice weekly for the EdUHK tchoukball team. (Photo courtesy of Timon Chong Yui-chung).

Arthur Li Ho-cheung is the current head coach for the Hong Kong tchoukball team. He studied at EdUHK and is now studying for a master’s degree in Psychology at CUHK. 

“I came to the Hong Kong Institute of Education (now EdUHK) in 2013 and they also set up the tchoukball team that year. At that time tchoukball teams were set up at three tertiary education institutions,” Li says.

“Now more universities are having tchoukball organisations, a club or a team. But it is a pity that not every team works well,” he adds. 

“Many teams are set up by groups of like-minded enthusiasts coming together. Without sufficient policy and financial support, it is difficult to sustain operating a team in the long run,” Li says.

Apart from running the Hong Kong team, Li is helping out in holding different tchoukball competitions.

“To get government approval for the sport, we need to hold at least three championships in the next five years. We will be holding the Asia Pacific Tchoukball Championship this year,” Lee says.

“We need to book the pitch and organise everything by ourselves. And what I often need to do is to communicate with the government and get permission. We need to apply for changing the use of the sports centre as it is not built for playing tchoukball,” he adds. 

“There are three main goals in the future. The first goal is tchoukball being officially recognised. The second goal is to get more resources so we can promote the sport in the community. The third goal is to achieve a higher world ranking for both men’s team and ladies,” he says.

Edited by Liam Hordijk

Sub-edited by Lorraine Chiang

Homeless Football Team

A football team in Hong Kong composed of homeless individuals who participate in international tournaments and overcome challenges through football.

By Charley Ho, Roy Ng & Daniel Paek

Saphire Ho Hoi-ting is leading a group of male football players who are former drug addicts and gamblers to get ready for the Homeless World Cup 2024, which will be held in Korea in September, the first time for the game to be held in Asia.

“The team has started training since April last year. We meet every Tuesday and Friday night to do training and each session lasts for two hours,” Ho, who works in the fashion business, says.

“As team players, they have to show a good attitude and fulfil the attendance requirements.  Players must join at least 80% of the training sessions,” she adds.

Founded in 2001, the Homeless World Cup Foundation hosts the sports event every year. This year,  nearly 50 teams will take part in the week-long tournament at Hanyang University in Seoul. 

Unlike World Cup matches, each game has two halves of seven minutes with a one-minute interval in between each half. 

The team manager says it is important to be friendly but firm when managing the football team. 

“There are two sides of my management: the soft side and the tougher side. I talk to them and check on them. But when it comes to the players’ responsibilities, I tell them strictly about the rules, expectations and the importance of punctuality,” she says. 

“When there are problems in the team, I prefer talking to them directly by WhatsApp messages, phone calls and even fact-to-face chat. I try to show my support for them and encourage them,” the manager says. 

Ho shares gender is not an issue when dealing with a team of men and stresses building trust is the key. 

“I find it easier to work with men as there is a lot less gossip. I can also communicate with them in a more straightforward manner. Trust is a complex thing, especially as a woman working with a group of men. It takes practice for me to show my care for them,” she says.

Without any training in social work and counselling, Ho sometimes has to seek help from others when dealing with issues related to the team. 

“The biggest challenge I find in managing the team is handling players’ emotions, as they have different backgrounds and stories. I try my best to understand them more by chatting with them,” Ho says. 

“The previous team manager comes from a social worker background. But I don’t have such training, so sometimes I seek help from volunteers and social workers,” she adds.

The manager has overcome challenges by her passion and love for soccer and the team. 

Ho has always shared a great passion for sports. She is a former freelance sports commentator for Cable TV. She learnt about the Hong Kong team through a friend.  

“Sports have changed players’ lives. When I see them engaging in training, I think sports have helped them a lot…I remember a mother who shared that football helped her son to get back on his saddle again…what she said made me feel so touched,” she says.

“I think football is a magical thing. It requires teamwork and it helps show people’s real personality, facilitate their communication and enhance friendship. It grooms teamwork spirit, discipline and positive attitude,” she adds. 

The manager hopes people can be more understanding and compassionate when they come across the homeless in the city and appeals for support to the Hong Kong team.

 “We need to understand their situation. Sometimes I also wonder why they resort to drugs and gambling, but perhaps sometimes things just happen. I hope Hong Kong people will support our Hong Kong team. And I hope that people who don’t know much about the homeless make an effort to learn more about them ,” she says.

Edited by Perry Kwok

Silver Swans on Stage

A group of seniors with no prior ballet experience performed a ballet show.

By Hanne Chan

Dressing in leggings and ballet skirts, a group of silver-haired dancers marked the end of a ballet performance with energetic smiles and an ending pose in the ‘fourth position’ — one foot placed in front of the other with both feet turned out to the sides.

Most of the 41 dancers did not have any ballet and dancing experience before stepping onto the stage at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre on 31st March, including 57-year-old Ann Cheung.

Ballet cheered Cheung with energy. “It makes me feel my moves lighter and look elegant,” she says.

Cheung had never danced ballet, not until she joined the Silver Ballet Camp held by Hong Kong Ballet (HK Ballet).

Held between March 29 and 31, the three-day camp enabled people aged above 55 without ballet experience to learn simple choreography with HK Ballet instructors. On the last day, they performed Swan Lake, the most popular ballet of all time, in front of their families and friends. 

As a businesswoman about to retire, Cheung joined the camp because she wanted to try something new, “The world is so big, why not explore every possibility it holds!” 

“I feel a hundred percent at ease with the help of our teachers, even if I count the beats wrong I can still catch up with their demonstration,” she says.

“I used to think that ballet is difficult and beyond reach from my daughter’s ballet experience and the ballet shows I watched— I believe this is a common misconception (in society),” she says.

The experienced HK Ballet instructors make it easy for Cheung and other participants. “They got us to focus on stretching and better body posture rather than mastering difficult movements like ballet kicks,” she explains.

Overcoming her past presumptions, Cheung finds ballet fun and chill. 

“Turns out it is not as difficult as I imagine, even people from different age groups are able to learn ballet. It is not a must to do a split or other difficult move, just try first and have fun!” she says. 

Cheung believes she will continue practicing ballet, “I get some bad habits on body posture when working and using my phone. I think ballet reminds me to maintain a proper posture, and stretching warm-ups are good for my health as well. I will take it as a sport to do.” 

A spotlight was cast on Chan Jim-waa, another zero-based dancer, during the group dance performance.

Being the only male in the group garnered a lot of audience attention, but the 63-year-old did not appear nervous. 

“Not only in this ballet class, but among all the past activities I joined in community centres, men are always the minority, so I have been used to it, ” he says.

Chan points out there are gender stereotypes about certain activities, including ballet, “Men may think that this kind of activity is a ‘women’s thing’ and not that suitable for men. Men would usually refuse to try it out,” 

“But I don’t think so. Retired men should also come out and have fun! Once you are willing to take the first step, you may discover things that bring you joy and fulfillment.” he adds.

Feeling happy about his performance, Chan says, “It brings me pride. One day, I can tell my grandson that his grandpa was once in HK ballet, in the first Silver Ballet Camp, and performed in the Hong Kong Cultural Centre. I can even show off my certificate!”

“It used to be my daughter dancing ballet but now I’ve found my inner child. It’s my turn to do ballet,” Chan jokes.

Half a year before the camp, Chan sustained a herniated disc in his lower back that he could not even walk and was admitted to the hospital.

“I have now recovered, yet it kind of gives me mental pressure that it will recur right before our performance,” he adds.

Despite all the worries, Chan performed on the big day with heartfelt happiness.

“There are things that you may never get the opportunity to try again, and that’s why I always embrace the chance to try things I’ve never experienced before, wholeheartedly, ” he says.

Chan believes that age does not matter when it comes to chasing dreams. 

“Perhaps each of us has our unfinished dreams, so why don’t we just try and chase after them? What matters is living with no regrets,” he says.

“Retirement is not the end, but an exciting beginning of living life to the fullest,” he adds., 

His belief is very similar to the motto of the ballet camp – ‘Joyful learning, ageless delight’. 

“Age is not the main concern when we do ballet. Many may believe that ballet should be taken up at three, but in fact a lot of people start learning ballet in their adulthood. Rather than age, one’s talent, passion, physical and mental condition matters more in ballet,” Vency Kwok Man-si, Senior Education & Community Outreach Manager at HK Ballet says.

Vency Kwok Man-si (front left) and participants interacting with the audience during the performance. (Photo Courtesy of Hong Kong Ballet)

“We do silver ballet for those who always want to dance ballet, but don’t get any opportunities to do it when they are young,” Kwok says.

Kwok notes HK Ballet have consulted The Chinese University of Hong Kong Dance Medicine Research Clinic for elderly-appropriate ballet movements.

“When I first met the camp participants, I emphasized that safety comes first. If you feel you are unable to keep up with our kicks or bends, don’t force yourself to do it,” she says.

As one of the dance instructors in the camp, Kwok holds the Silver Swans License from the Royal Academy of Dance, which certifies her to deliver safe and inclusive ballet classes for adults over 55. 

“Teaching elderly is actually similar to teaching children. Instead of professional language, I use simple wordings to let participants easily remember the movements. For example, when they are waving their hand towards the left side, I tell them ‘the wind blows to the left’, ” she says. 

Kwok says the camp is magical. “Among the 41 participants, only four have dancing experience, but all of them managed to learn and perform the whole routine, including a one-minute group dance in just three days!” 

Participants performing a group dance
(Photo Courtesy of Hong Kong  Ballet
)

She adds that she was touched by her enthusiastic ‘senior students’. 

“Especially for a participant who struggled with coordination and performed in the front row, she was able to dance at last. Overwhelmed with joy, she kept saying ‘I did it’ while hugging the instructors,” she recalls.

“Another participant brought her whole family to watch the performance. Usually, we only reserved two seats for participants’ families and friends, but she bought three extra tickets for her family, including her daughter and her mother. With three generations gathering together, her mother even said that they can join the camp together next time,” she adds.

To spread the healthy and heartwarming energy, HK Ballet will continue to hold silver ballet activities in the future. 

“We will do the camp again. Definitely! ” Kwok says.

Edited by Charlotte Wu

Sub-edited by Lilac Ye